Type:	Journal Article
Title:	The neurobiological toll of child abuse and neglect
Other Titles:	Trauma, violence & abuse
Authors:	Gillespie, Charles F Neigh, Gretchen N Nemeroff, Charles B
Keywords:	Health;Impact on children and young people;Mental health
Year:	2009
Publisher:	Sage Publications
Citation:	10 (4), October 2009
Notes:	Exposure to interpersonal violence or abuse affects the physical and emotional well-being of affected individuals. In particular, exposure to trauma during development increases the risk of psychiatric and other medical disorders beyond the risks associated with adult violence exposure. Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a major mediating pathway of the stress response, contribute to the long-standing effects of early life trauma. Although early life trauma elevates the risk of psychiatric and medical disease, not all exposed individuals demonstrate altered HPA axis physiology, suggesting that genetic variation influences the consequences of trauma exposure. In addition, the effects of abuse may extend beyond the immediate victim into subsequent generations as a consequence of epigenetic effects transmitted directly to offspring and/or behavioral changes in affected individuals. Recognition of the biological consequences and transgenerational impact of violence and abuse has critical importance for both disease research and public health policy. [?2009 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. For further information, visit SAGE Publications link.]
URI:	https://anrows.intersearch.com.au/anrowsjspui/handle/1/12774
ISSN:	1524-8380
Appears in Collections:	Journal Articles

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