A systematic review of the quality of perpetrator programs’ outcome studies: Toward a new model of outcome measurement

Abstract

This systematic review assessed whether studies on the outcomes of perpetrator programs comply with recommended evaluation models. A search of three databases (PsycINFO, Medline, and Scopus) identified 46 relevant empirical studies published between 1988 and 2021. Inclusion criteria required studies to evaluate interventions aimed at male perpetrators of abuse toward women, measure effectiveness post-intervention with follow-up, and report recidivism indicators. Findings indicate inconsistencies in sample descriptions, intervention approaches, and program content reporting. Cognitive behavioral therapy was the most common intervention method. Dropout rates varied widely (0%–64%), but only eight studies reported dropout rates by perpetrator type. Follow-up periods ranged from 3 months to 9 years, with recidivism rates between 5% and 72.5%. Only 12 studies (26.1%) used multiple sources for recidivism assessment. Partner perspectives were rarely included, and few studies incorporated pretest–posttest evaluations. Overall, the review highlights significant methodological shortcomings in perpetrator program outcome studies, emphasizing the need for standardized evaluation models.